Input Voltage

Input Voltage is the voltage supplied to a device from its power source. In the VESC ecosystem, this typically refers to the voltage measured at the controller’s battery input terminals.

The input voltage is determined by the battery pack and varies during operation. A fully charged battery will have a higher input voltage, while the voltage gradually decreases as the battery is discharged.

VESC devices continuously monitor input voltage for performance calculations, battery monitoring, fault detection, regenerative braking management, and battery protection functions.

Input voltage is also used by several important protection settings, including:

• Minimum Input Voltage
• Maximum Input Voltage
• Battery Voltage Cut-Off Start
• Battery Voltage Cut-Off End
• Battery Voltage Regen Cut-Off Start
• Battery Voltage Regen Cut-Off End

⚠️ Input voltage must always remain within the operating range specified in the controller datasheet. Exceeding the maximum rated input voltage can permanently damage the controller.

Example

A 22S lithium-ion battery has a fully charged voltage of 92.4V (22 × 4.20V). When connected to a VESC controller, the controller’s input voltage will be approximately 92.4V when fully charged and will decrease as the battery is used.

In simple terms: input voltage is the voltage that the battery supplies to the controller or device.